Detection
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Computer Vision and Knowledge-Grounded Language Models for Intelligent Beekeeper Assistance
2026-10-21 06:36:55Asaduz Zaman, Mohaimenul Azam Khan Raiaan, Malika Nisal RatnayakeAbstract
Managed and wild bees sustain roughly a third of the global food products, yet colonies face mounting stress from climate-change including extreme weather patterns, altered parasite and disease patterns. Timely assessment of colony condition such as understanding colony strength, brood area, honey and pollen storage, comb usage, is essential to adaptive management. However, manual hive frame inspection is slow, costly, and quality depends on scarce expertise. We present an artificial targeted intelligent system framework focusing on edge deployable pipeline that turns hive frame photographs into interpretable and action-oriented inspection report. The pipeline includes an object detector to detect biologically-meaningful comb-cell classes; detections are distilled into structured fact schema; facts are converted into constrained factual text; the text triggers a grounded knowledge-base for interpretations and recommendations. Knowledge-base entries are required to be triggerable by evidence expressed in the fact schema. We built our system based on open source FAIRHiveFrames-1K dataset and favour reproducible, edge-deployable models over large general purpose frontier models. We additionally release FAIRHiveText-1K dataset that turns FAIRHiveFrames-1K dataset into interchangeable facts and text interpretation of the facts, making it easy for further LLM-based research into this area. We also propose a pathway to develop the grounded knowledge-base that will be helpful in providing interpretable and actionable reports from the facts.
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URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29283
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Adaptive Steering and Remasking for Safe Generation in Diffusion Language Models
2026-10-21 04:56:49Yejin Lee, Ungsik Kim, Yo-Sub HanAbstract
Diffusion Language Models(DLMs) provide a promising alternative to autoregressive language models through iterative denoising and bidirectional generation. However, their iterative generation process introduces distinct safety vulnerabilities because harmful content can emerge at arbitrary positions and persist across subsequent denoising steps. Existing defenses rely on fixed interventions or aggressive remasking, which limits adaptive control over denoising trajectories and can degrade generation quality. We propose an inference-time defense framework that combines adaptive safety steering with safety-aware remasking. Our method uses a gating direction to continuously adjust steering strength from the current denoising state and applies a steering direction to masked positions to guide subsequent predictions toward safer trajectories. Our method further employs a lightweight response detector after the first generation block to identify unsafe trajectories at an early stage. The detector triggers targeted remasking over generated content and part of the conditioning prompt, and the model regenerates the selected positions under adaptive safety steering. This design combines continuous trajectory control with explicit correction of unsafe content while requiring no modification of model parameters. Experiments on LLaDA and Dream demonstrate that our method improves robustness against diverse jailbreak attacks while preserving benign generation quality and general model capability. Our code is available at this https URL.
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URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.13043
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NeuralSRender: G-Buffer Guided Video Diffusion for Sim-to-Real Rendering
2026-10-21 04:45:19Yipeng Lu, Youqi Liao, Zhenyu Wang, Yuning Peng, Zhen DongAbstract
The scarcity of high-quality annotated visual data remains a critical bottleneck for autonomous-driving perception. Simulators provide training data at scale, but the limited realism of synthetic videos compromises perception performance in real-world applications. To address this limitation, we propose NeuralSRender, a sim-to-real video translation framework that enhances the photorealism of synthetic videos while maintaining geometric consistency with the source scenes. Built on a pretrained video diffusion transformer (DiT), NeuralSRender uses a lightweight projector to inject geometric and material priors from G-buffers, and LoRA enables parameter-efficient adaptation. The model is trained in two stages: it first learns G-buffer conditioning from synthetic videos with accurate G-buffers, then adapts to real-world appearance using real videos with estimated G-buffers. During the second stage, an additional LoRA module is trained while the projector and first-stage LoRA remain frozen to reduce interference from estimation noise. NeuralSRender introduces only 1.45\% parameter overhead and can be trained on consumer-grade GPUs with 24 GB of memory. To support training and evaluation, we introduce GenReal, a large-scale driving video dataset comprising synthetic and real-world videos with corresponding G-buffers. Experiments demonstrate improved photorealism with competitive geometric consistency. Training perception models on our translated videos instead of raw simulator renders improves detection $\mathrm{AP}_{50}$ on nuImages from 35.1 to 40.6 and segmentation mIoU on Cityscapes from 32.4 to 40.8. Our code, data, and model weights are available at: this https URL.
Abstract (translated)
URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29200
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A Unified Evaluation Framework of Physical Adversarial Robustness in the Edge VLM Era
2026-10-21 04:38:02Eric Liang, Alan Luo, Kaiwen YuanAbstract
Recent advancements in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) enable end-to-end visual grounding via language prompts and generative decoding, demonstrating largely improved zero-shot and open-vocabulary detection capabilities. As a result, VLMs are rapidly being deployed at the edge in safety-critical real-world systems. However, the physical adversarial robustness of edge VLMs has not been systematically studied, and the fundamental differences in output with modern object detectors create methodological challenges for fair evaluation. To compare the two families directly, we evaluate every selected representative model on one outcome: whether an adversarial patch worn on a person evades detection of the model. We report this by introducing a unified metric, conditional attack success rate (cASR), counted only on images the model still localizes under a matched gray occluder, and partition every failure into omission (no box), substitution (a box on the patch), and displacement (a box on neither). We benchmark the physical adversarial vulnerability of compact grounding VLMs against a range of object detectors, and find that the VLMs can be as vulnerable as the detectors. We disclose that failure mode is largely associated with the output format of a model rather than its architecture family. Of the three, only omission is visible to a downstream system; displacement and substitution return confident, well-formed boxes, making them potentially more dangerous failures. Further, we find that, under distribution shift, VLMs that primarily failed by omission instead shift to failing more by displacement/substitution. Thus, a grounding VLM can inherit the detector's vulnerability while showing the possibility to adopt more dangerous failure modes. Our code and data are available at this https URL.
Abstract (translated)
URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29196
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Multi-Scale Latent Temporal Compression Attention and Video-Text Cross Attention Fusion for Video Action Detection
2026-10-21 04:08:49Yicheng Qiu, Keiji YanaiAbstract
In video action detection, modeling the temporal dependencies in continuous video streams is crucial. Previous methods based on deep neural networks can perform frame-level video recognition tasks. However, these methods struggle to model dynamic temporal patterns, facing challenges such as redundant frame information, difficulty balancing global and local features, and insufficient fusion of visual and textual features. To address these issues, we propose a video temporal attention module based on the Multi-Scale Latent Temporal Compression Attention, which aggregates continuous temporal sequences into feature representations across diverse temporal scales while efficiently reducing redundancy. We also introduce a Video-Text Cross Attention Fusion module that leverages cross-attention at both latent and standard feature levels, achieving fine-grained fusion between video and textual features to enhance semantic alignment and feature interaction. Experimental results across multiple video recognition benchmarks demonstrate that our proposed methods achieve superior performance compared to existing methods, validating the effectiveness and generalization capability.
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https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29176
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RiO-DETRv2: Geometry-Aware Uncertainty Modeling Meets Real-Time Oriented Object Detection Transformer
2026-10-21 03:48:13Zhangchi Hu, Zilong He, Yifan Zhao, Xiangyu Yu, Jie Chen, Peixi Wu, Yansong Peng, Hebei Li, Xiaoyan SunAbstract
RiO-DETR is the first real-time end-to-end transformer for oriented object detection, yet further localization gains require a more expressive box representation. Although distributional regression has succeeded in horizontal DETRs, extending it to oriented detection introduces geometry-misaligned boundary modeling and topology-inconsistent orientation refinement. We present RiO-DETRv2, a geometry-aware uncertainty modeling framework for real-time oriented object detection. To resolve the geometry mismatch, Object-Aligned Boundary Distribution Refinement represents box boundaries as probability distributions in an object-aligned coordinate system and progressively refines them across decoder layers. For better orientation topology consistency, we introduce Circular-to-Local Angular Residual Refinement that transitions from global periodic search to local fine-grained estimation. Unified OBB Quality-Aligned Learning further aligns classification, boundary and angular refinement with complete-OBB localization quality. Together, these designs improve localization without compromising efficiency, achieving a better balance between speed and accuracy. Specifically, RiO-DETRv2-l/x achieves 53.7/54.1 mAP50-95 on DOTA, outperforming RiO-DETR-l/x by 1.2/1.5 points with nearly unchanged computational cost. Code is available at this https URL.
Abstract (translated)
URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29159
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Two for One: Privileged Learning for Resource-Constrained Screening
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Machine learning systems are often developed under data-rich conditions but deployed when only incomplete information is available. A natural example arises in colour fundus photography (CFP), where both eyes are commonly imaged because they can provide complementary information for ocular disease assessment. Prior approaches that exploit bilateral information either fuse both eyes in a single model or use knowledge distillation to compress a dual-eye teacher into a lightweight student that still requires both images at test time. However, bilateral acquisition may not always be feasible. We thus propose a privileged learning framework in which a teacher model has access to bilateral CFP images during training and learns representations informed by information from both eyes, while the student is trained to transfer this knowledge from the bilateral teacher using only a single-eye image as input. At inference, the student operates exclusively on this single-eye input and does not require the contralateral image. Experimental results show consistent improvements in area under the receiver operating characteristic curve over conventional monocular training, with the largest gains observed for left-eye images for the detection of age-related macular degeneration (0.931 vs. 0.966) and diabetic retinopathy (0.789 vs. 0.836).%, while requiring only a single-eye image at inference. By enabling models to benefit from bilateral information during training while requiring only a single-eye image at inference, our approach may support more reliable deployment in resource-constrained clinical and screening environments.
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URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29126
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Diffusion Posterior Sampling with Uncertain Forward Models
2026-10-21 02:47:28Wentao Shangguan, Vivek K GoyalAbstract
Diffusion posterior samplers reconstruct signals by combining a pretrained diffusion prior with a measurement likelihood specified by a forward model and a noise model. Calibration and reference data can characterize uncertainty in the forward model's parameters, such as blur kernels or detector responses. Fixing these parameters at estimated values leaves their uncertainty out of the likelihood, and parameter errors are thus absorbed into the reconstruction. We introduce an uncertainty-aware likelihood (UAL), a Gaussian approximation to the marginal likelihood obtained by integrating over the uncertain parameters. For each candidate signal, UAL propagates parameter uncertainty into a structured measurement covariance, reducing the quadratic penalty along residual directions that parameter variation can explain. Existing samplers can use UAL in their data updates while retaining their pretrained diffusion priors and sampling schedules. Under a fixed Gaussian nuisance model, we bound likelihood error from linearization and average divergence between the exact marginal and UAL posteriors. We compare samplers with and without UAL across six inverse problems spanning Gaussian and motion deblurring, CT, MRI, ultrasound, and fluorescence microscopy, and find improvements in reconstruction and ensemble prediction. UAL reduces geometric mean MSE by 9% to 20% across samplers in the main Gaussian-deblurring setting and by 51% to 92% in motion deblurring when non-blind samplers use the population-mean kernel. In motion deblurring, DAPS and PnP-DM with UAL also give 6.2 to 6.4 dB higher ensemble-mean PSNR than published BlindDPS and Fast Diffusion EM. On the ablation set, UAL outperforms trace-matched isotropic inflation for PnP-DM in both deblurring tasks; in motion deblurring, it also exceeds the best-tested fixed scalar data weighting by 3.3 dB for PnP-DM and 4.2 dB for DAPS in average PSNR.
Abstract (translated)
URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29102
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Agentic Music Post-Production
2026-10-21 02:36:51Jaywon Koo, Junghyun Koo, Marco A. Martinez-Ramirez, Wei-Hsiang Liao, Seungheon Doh, Qiyu Wu, Vicente Ordonez, Yuki MitsufujiAbstract
We introduce MixAgent, an agentic pipeline for music post-production that follows the workflow of audio engineers to build interpretable and editable mixing plans guided by a reference song. A grouping agent first routes related input tracks, such as drum recordings, into subgroups. A planning agent then uses retrieved examples to choose and order audio effects, such as volume control and reverb, for tracks, subgroups, and the full mix. To refine the mix, a detector identifies what needs correction, and a critic proposes numerical parameter adjustments from tracks to the full mix. In our experiments, prompting recent multimodal models to listen and revise often worsens the mix, making reliable correction a central challenge. We therefore build MixCritic, a dataset of 45,657 repair critiques derived from parameters fitted to professional mixes, and train the critic with supervised fine-tuning followed by preference optimization on rendered audio outcomes. On MedleyDB, learned refinement reduces error by 19% relative to the initial mix, with preference optimization reducing it by 8.4% over supervised training alone. Retrieved examples further improve effects selection, and a human listening test shows that MixAgent gets higher quality ratings than mixes produced by Qwen3-Omni, Gemini 3.8 Flash and GPT-4o-audio.
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URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29093
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HumanCentric-Scenes-AI: A Human-Curated Multimodal Dataset of AI-Generated Human-Centric Scenes Across Surveillance, Occupational Portraits, AI-Edited Images, and Short-Form Video
2026-10-21 01:20:14Nima Kamali, Sana Nasiri, Negar KamaliAbstract
We introduce HumanCentric-Scenes-AI, a human-curated dataset of 296 AI-generated stimuli that depict people across four contexts in which people encounter AI-generated media. The Surveillance subset contains 85 AI-generated CCTV-style images. The Occupations subset contains 128 AI-generated occupational portraits in a balanced paired design covering 64 occupations with one female and one male version of each. The AI-edited subset contains 27 real photographs in which a region was altered or replaced by a generative model. The Video subset contains 56 AI-generated short videos. We curated the images and videos manually over multiple rounds to make them as photorealistic as possible. For each stimulus we release the file, the generation prompt where recorded, and per-stimulus metadata. We report depicted-gender distributions from an initial set of 134 generations without a specified gender and compare them with U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics occupational gender shares. We report edit-region size and its association with zero-shot detection difficulty for the AI-edited subset. We report image-quality distributions for the Surveillance subset and subject-category coverage for the Video subset. HumanCentric-Scenes-AI is intended first for human-perception research, and also for calibration of AI-detection classifiers and bias analysis of generative models.
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URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29045
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TEMPL: A Resource-Efficient and Transparent Model-Free Framework for Pseudo-Label Generation in Material CT Scans
2026-10-20 22:48:06Ashiqur Rahman, Venkata Devesh Reddy Seethi, Austin Yunker, Rajkumar Kettimuthu, Hamed AlhooriAbstract
The scarcity of large annotated datasets limits deep learning (DL) segmentation in material CT analysis. DL-based pseudo-labeling can help, but it is often computationally expensive and hard to interpret. We introduce a multi-stage, model-free framework that generates pseudo-labels directly from grayscale CT scans. It combines thresholding, morphological dilation, and a custom breadth-first search region-growing algorithm to produce polygonal annotations without pre-trained weights, labeled data, or a GPU. We compare it against the zero-shot Segment Anything Model (SAM), a fully supervised 3D U-Net, and classical baselines. On a dendrite dataset with ground truth, our method reaches 63.19% IoU versus 10.74% for zero-shot SAM, with four times the instance recall at 0.5 IoU (33.3% versus 8.3%). The supervised 3D U-Net serves as a reference ceiling that requires expert labels. On a silica sand specimen, YOLO models trained on our labels performed comparably to models trained on SAM labels in a qualitative comparison. Across 1,053 extracted grains, the median equivalent diameter was 163.8 micrometers, near the specimen's known 106 to 150 micrometers sieve range, compared with 219.5 micrometers for SAM, whose labels merge adjacent particles and add spurious detections. A sensitivity analysis shows a stable operating range for the key threshold and a sharp, predictable failure point linked to phase contrast. Our method needs 15s per image on a standard CPU versus 28s for SAM on a GPU. These results support our transparent approach as a tool for annotation bootstrapping and microstructural quantification in resource-limited settings.
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https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28974
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RAHF-Net: Range-Aware Heterogeneous Fusion for LiDAR-Assisted RGB Semantic Segmentation
2026-10-20 21:00:32R. D. Lin, Pengcheng Weng, Ge Wang, Han Ding, Fei WangAbstract
This paper studies LiDAR-assisted RGB semantic segmentation, where LiDAR point-cloud features improve dense pixel-wise predictions in the RGB image plane rather than 3D point labels or detections. Existing 2D fusion methods often project point clouds into shallow depth/range maps and apply spatially uniform fusion, discarding rich 3D structure and ignoring the range-dependent reliability of outdoor LiDAR. We propose RAHF-Net, a Range-Aware Heterogeneous Fusion Network. Its Cylindrical-to-Perspective (C2P) module projects pretrained cylindrical voxel features into the image plane, preserving structured 3D semantic priors. A Range-Aware Heterogeneous Fusion (RAHF) module then uses a soft depth-derived range mask to perform LiDAR-guided geometric enhancement in reliable near-field regions and visual-context enhancement in sparse far-field regions. On KITTI-360, RAHF-Net achieves 65.76 mIoU, outperforming representative RGB-only and RGB-LiDAR baselines, including CMX by 1.45 points. Experiments on DELIVER further demonstrate improved robustness under adverse weather, illumination degradation, and sensor corruption.
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URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.25400
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Data-Driven Glyph Positioning for Handwritten Music Synthesis
2026-10-20 20:25:26Elona Shatri, Ji\v{r}\'i Mayer, Jan Haji\v{c} jrAbstract
Synthesised data is a common strategy to address the lack of annotated handwritten music scores in Optical Music Recognition (OMR). Smashcima is a recent synthesis framework that assembles pages of handwritten scores by sampling glyph images from MUSCIMA++ and positioning them with hard-coded rules. In this work we ask whether these rules are grounded empirically and whether a learned model for context-dependent positioning can further improve synthesis quality. We extract inter-glyph distributions from around 285 thousand annotated relationships across MUSCIMA++ and OmniOMR, finding that several key parameters deviate systematically from real handwriting. Replacing these constants with empirical means reduces positioning RMSE by up to 60%. We then train a Graph Neural Network (GNN) on the Music Notation Graph structure to predict context-dependent offsets, achieving an additional 50 to 85% RMSE reduction on stems and beams by modelling how neighbouring glyphs constrain placement. Cross-dataset analysis shows that spacing differences between the two corpora are explained by note density (3.3), not style, and that duration-proportional spacing does not hold in handwriting (R2 = 0.001). In downstream evaluation, a YOLOv8 detector pretrained on GNN-positioned synthetic data achieves +30% mAP50 over the baseline and +11% over empirical means when fine-tuned on 200 real handwritten staves, showing that positioning accuracy matters for downstream OMR.
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URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28899
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Arbitrary-Scale Anisotropic 3D MRI Super-Resolution with Gaussian Prototypes
2026-10-20 19:52:14Aditya Rastogi, Ramon Leiser, Prateek Singh, Martha Foltyn-Dumitru, Martin Bendszus, Fabian Bamberg, Klaus Maier-Hein, Kai Schlamp, Alexander Radbruch, Gianluca Brugnara, Philipp VollmuthAbstract
Reducing MRI acquisition time improves patient comfort, reduces motion artefacts, and increases scanner throughput. Clinical protocols often shorten acquisitions by sacrificing spatial resolution, particularly along the slice axis. Super-resolution can recover higher-resolution images, but existing methods are typically specialised to one scale or acquisition geometry, limiting their use across heterogeneous clinical protocols. We present GSMR3D, a continuous volumetric model that reconstructs arbitrary isotropic and anisotropic resolutions with a single checkpoint per MRI contrast. It combines a learned dictionary of anisotropic 3D Gaussian prototypes with scale-conditioned frequency encoding and an exact measurement-consistency projection, keeping reconstructions consistent with the acquired low-resolution data. We train separate models on 3,731 contrast-enhanced T1-weighted and 30,254 T1-weighted brain MRI volumes from clinical and population-based cohorts. We evaluate GSMR3D against geometry-specific specialists for isotropic, in-plane, and through-plane super-resolution using reconstruction quality and downstream tasks: brain tumour segmentation, brain-metastasis detection, and brain parcellation. GSMR3D outperforms specialists at isotropic $2\times$ and achieves better LPIPS, DISTS, and FID across all geometries, although specialists retain higher PSNR in anisotropic settings. It more faithfully preserves glioma segmentations across all geometries, achieves the highest lesion sensitivity on an independent brain-metastasis cohort, and the highest brain-parcellation agreement for isotropic and in-plane reconstruction. Reconstruction takes about 6s per volume, adding little overhead relative to acquisition-time savings. GSMR3D offers a flexible approach to MRI scan-time reduction with one model per contrast across geometries while preserving information relevant to downstream tasks.
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URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.24858
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KIRA: A Full-Stack Reading Screening System with Dual-Pathway Analysis for Children
2026-10-20 19:10:45Maggie Dong, Rohit Mekkoth, Zixuan Wang, Cheol Jun Cho, Jiachen Lian, Gopala AnumanchipalliAbstract
Early-grade reading screening is critical for identifying children at risk of reading difficulty. Existing AI-based screeners are often limited in the scope of their analyses and evaluation metrics, or are proprietary systems that lack transparent model specifications and evaluation. We present KIRA, a dual-pathway screening system that pairs word-level fluency scoring with detailed phoneme-level error detection. We adapt pretrained word and phoneme recognizers to children's speech, reducing word error rate from 13.88% to 8.84% and phoneme error rate from 41.66% to 23.00%. Powered by these child-adapted models, we implement Word Reading (WRE) and Oral Reading Fluency (ORF), two foundational tasks in K-2 screening. The system integrates these recognizers with a web-based teacher-facing interface presenting fluency scores alongside phoneme feedback for potential targeted intervention. KIRA brings modern child-speech recognition into a full-stack, deployable, classroom-ready reading screener.
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URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28840
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Sketch2Sim: an end-to-end modular framework for hand-drawn circuit analysis
2026-10-20 19:04:12Mohammad Kawsar, Al Amin Islam Ridoy, Md Rakib Hossain, Farzana Akter, AKM Bahalul Haque, Rejwan Bin Sulaiman, Mohammed Amin AlmaiahAbstract
This study proposes a sketch-to-simulation system to solve handwritten circuit diagrams. The system converts raw images into a Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE)-compatible netlist and automatically calculates the circuit's nodal voltages and currents. Another objective is to propose a holistic framework that benefits students and educators by enhancing the teaching and learning experience of electric circuits and expediting engineering design reviews. This article presents a multistage pipeline that converts raw photographs of handwritten electric circuits into executable SPICE-like netlists, providing a solution. A dataset of 1,000 hand-drawn Resistor-Inductor-Capacitor (RLC) circuits was curated and annotated for components, text regions, and character recognition. The proposed system decomposes a circuit diagram into three stages: (i) dual You Only Look Once (YOLO)-based detectors for components and text regions, (ii) a Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN) with Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) and Optical Character Recognition (OCR)-based domain-aware symbol value extraction, and (iii) image processing with thresholding, skeletonization, and Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) to automatically identify nodes and map them with corresponding components. The proposed system produces the netlist and solves the circuit. The qualitative and quantitative ablation studies on modular stages, as well as end-to-end tests, demonstrate robust performance across various handwriting styles, lighting conditions, and this http URL study serves as an interactive learning aid and practical tool for professionals, providing a comprehensive user interface (UI), enabling rapid digitization of circuit sketches for study, design, prototyping, or troubleshooting.
Abstract (translated)
URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28836
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HorizonComposer: Spatiotemporally Consistent Driving Video Editing with Enriched Traffic Semantics
2026-10-20 18:51:48Mauricio Soroco, Yuqiu Liu, Zaid Tasneem, Francesco Pittaluga, Abhishek Aich, Wuyang Chen, Manmohan Chandraker, Ziyu JiangAbstract
Instruction-guided video generative models offer a scalable solution for stress-testing autonomous driving systems by simulating diverse environmental conditions. However, driving scenes operate within a dense Operational Design Domain (ODD) governed by strict traffic semantics. When applied to global driving-condition edits, general-purpose instruction-guided video editors frequently corrupt these semantics, leading to structural hallucinations and ``temporal shock.'' This work distills and protects traffic semantics during video editing at three levels. First, we construct a hybrid dataset by combining temporally aligned real-world videos with synthetic edits, balancing foundational scene structure with unambiguous appearance signals. Second, during training, we adapt advantage conditioning from offline reinforcement learning to align the model using dense rewards. We extract dense, pixel-level rewards from the hybrid data to serve as a localized signal and actively steer generation toward structurally reliable pixels. Finally, our model mitigates temporal shock by introducing thinking frames, a transition mechanism that seamlessly reconciles static image conditioning with dynamic video context. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method prevents the corruption of multi-actor dynamics, establishing state-of-the-art spatiotemporal consistency, yielding consistent user preference (39% relative improvement in content preservation and 12% in temporal consistency), and achieving a significant 5% gain in downstream road line segmentation and 7% gain in downstream multi-object detection.
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URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28829
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Can a Display Be Used for Rapid LiDAR-Camera Extrinsic Calibration?
2026-10-20 17:29:44Zuhao Zou, Xiangcheng Hu, Jianhao Jiao, Jin WuAbstract
ScreenCalib enables light detection and ranging (LiDAR)--camera extrinsic calibration using an ordinary programmable display, providing known visual markers and controlled geometry while reducing dedicated target preparation. The camera observes displayed AprilTags, whereas the LiDAR measures the physical screen surface and boundary, requiring indirect cross-modal association. Display geometry introduces association ambiguities, while indoor clutter complicates extraction. ScreenCalib addresses these challenges through tag-guided display extraction, geometric hypothesis generation and refinement, and surrounding scene edges for ambiguity resolution. The single-pose mode requires only one static placement. The joint multi-pose mode combines independent static observations through cross-pose consensus and jointly refines the shared extrinsics and tag scale, reducing sensitivity to tag-size measurement errors without requiring continuous motion or inter-pose trajectory estimation. Experiments in simulation and on three different sensor platforms cover mechanical and nonrepetitive LiDARs in clean and cluttered environments. Benchmark results show that ScreenCalib outperforms competitive calibration-board-based methods in translation accuracy. Joint multi-pose refinement further reduces mean rotation and translation errors across the three platforms and improves rendered-map alignment. Evaluation across readily available displays, including cell phones, tablets, laptops, computer monitors, and televisions, further examines ScreenCalib's versatility as a practical alternative to dedicated calibration targets. The source code is available at this https URL.
Abstract (translated)
URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28571
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Agentic Ensemble with Vision-Language Models for Visual Anomaly Detection
2026-10-20 17:22:25Shangquan Sun, Wenjun Luo, Xu He, Yoonsoo Lee, Shijian LuAbstract
Visual anomaly detection aims to detect abnormal objects, while anomaly samples are often scarce during model training. Assembling multiple pretrained detectors can help by leveraging their transferable image scores and anomaly maps. However, most existing ensemble methods apply fixed fusion rules over saved predictions which struggle when pretrained detectors clearly disagree due to different training objectives, priors, and visual representations. To this end, we design AnomalyAgent, a post-training fusion framework for accurate visual anomaly detection. AnomalyAgent aligns heterogeneous scores and maps, summarizes score- and region-level disagreement, and treats fusion as a finite action-selection problem. It implements two types of actions: 1) score actions that determine how to fuse image-level detector confidence via consensus, robust aggregation, detector weighting, or score-map consistency; 2) map actions that fuse dense anomaly responses via consensus, detector weighting, geometric aggregation, or disagreement correction. A constrained vision-language model (VLM) is introduced to inspect high-conflict samples and select valid score action and map action to produce the final prediction. We evaluate AnomalyAgent on MVTec AD and VisA as primary benchmarks, together with seven additional public anomaly benchmarks and Real-IAD for large-scale score-level evaluation. Across these benchmarks, AnomalyAgent consistently improves over equal-weight fusion and achieves the best mean image AUROC and pixel AP among the compared fusion methods on MVTec AD and VisA, while demonstrating robust transfer across additional anomaly domains.
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URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28560
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Qwen-Audio-3.1-ASR Technical Report
2026-10-20 17:08:12Chuanmeng Bian, Daren Chen, Peixin Chen, Zhigao Chen, Chong Deng, Zhiyun Fan, Zhifu Gao, Bo Gong, Qing Gu, Jiajun He, Yawei Hu, Yunjie Ji, Wei Ju, Jingbei Li, Xiangang Li, Xu Li, Zengxi Li, Zheng Li, Chengdong Liang, Baiji Liu, Yaming Liu, Ying Liu, Bin Ma, Yiping Peng, Yuezhang Peng, Zhendong Peng, Yu Pu, Yang Shi, Xin Shu, Jian Tang, Biao Tian, Peiyao Wang, Tianzi Wang, Wen Wang, Wupeng Wang, Cheng Wen, Yuzhong Wu, Zijian Xia, Yunchong Xiao, Nan Yang, Jianwei Yu, Jixing Yu, Binbin Zhang, Lei Zhang, Sitong Zhao, Guangdong Zhou, Yuan Zhou, Jianheng ZhuoAbstract
We present Qwen-Audio-3.1-ASR, a family of audio-language models that builds upon its predecesor Qwen-Audio-3.0-ASR with improved speech recognition and expanded capabilities in speaker-diarized transcription and general audio understanding. The family retains support for 30 languages and 16 Chinese dialects, together with instruction-controlled capabilities including historical-context conditioning, hierarchical hotword customization, and native transcription polishing. Speaker-diarized ASR produces structured outputs containing speaker labels, timestamps, and recognized text, maintaining consistent speaker labels across turns and the representation of overlapping speech. The general audio understanding capabilities cover audio-, speech-, and music-captioning, temporal grounding and sound event detection, as well as audio question answering and multiple-choice reasoning. These tasks broaden the application scope from recognizing spoken words to interpreting speakers, acoustic events, and their temporal relations. To accommodate different deployment requirements, the family includes variants for asynchronous file transcription, low-latency streaming, interactive voice input, and non-streaming recognition, with speaker-diarized transcription and general audio understanding available in certain variants. Evaluations span conventional ASR, multilingual and dialectal speech, speaker-diarized transcription, and general audio understanding, demonstrating the capabilities of the Qwen-Audio-3.1-ASR family across transcription and broader audio analysis tasks.
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https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28711
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