Abstract
The evolution towards future generation of mobile systems and fixed wireless networks is primarily driven by the urgency to support high-bandwidth and low-latency services across various vertical sectors. This endeavor is fueled by smartphones as well as technologies like industrial internet of things, extended reality (XR), and human-to-machine (H2M) collaborations for fostering industrial and social revolutions like Industry 4.0/5.0 and Society 5.0. To ensure an ideal immersive experience and avoid cyber-sickness for users in all the aforementioned usage scenarios, it is typically challenging to synchronize XR content from a remote machine to a human collaborator according to their head movements across a large geographic span in real-time over communication networks. Thus, we propose a novel H2M collaboration scheme where the human's head movements are predicted ahead with highly accurate models like bidirectional long short-term memory networks to orient the machine's camera in advance. We validate that XR frame size varies in accordance with the human's head movements and predict the corresponding bandwidth requirements from the machine's camera to propose a human-machine coordinated dynamic bandwidth allocation (HMC-DBA) scheme. Through extensive simulations, we show that end-to-end latency and jitter requirements of XR frames are satisfied with much lower bandwidth consumption over enterprise networks like Fiber-To-The-Room-Business. Furthermore, we show that better efficiency in network resource utilization is achieved by employing our proposed HMC-DBA over state-of-the-art schemes.
Abstract (translated)
面向未来移动系统和固定无线网络的演进主要由支持跨多个垂直领域（如工业、医疗等）的高带宽和低延迟服务的需求所驱动。这一进展受到智能手机以及诸如工业物联网、扩展现实（XR）、人机协作（H2M）等技术的推动，这些技术促进了像工业4.0/5.0和社会5.0这样的工业和社会革命。为了确保用户在上述所有使用场景中获得理想的沉浸式体验并避免网络眩晕，实时地将远程机器上的XR内容同步到根据地理范围内头部移动的人类合作者处是一个极具挑战性的任务。 为此，我们提出了一种新型人机协作方案，在该方案中，人类的头部运动通过像双向长短期记忆（BiLSTM）这样的高精度模型进行预测，并提前调整机械摄像头的方向。我们验证了XR帧大小会根据人的头部动作变化，并基于机械摄像头的需求预测相应的带宽需求以制定一种人机协调动态带宽分配（HMC-DBA）方案。 通过广泛的模拟实验，我们展示了在企业网络（如房间到企业的光纤业务网络Fiber-To-The-Room-Business）中，使用该方案可以满足XR帧的端到端延迟和抖动要求，并且以更低的带宽消耗实现。此外，我们还展示了与现有最佳方案相比，采用我们的HMC-DBA方案能更高效地利用网络资源。
URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15254
